A Definition of Amnesty

Generally, amnesty is defined as any governmental pardon for past offenses or crimes, especially political ones. Granting amnesty goes beyond a pardon, in that it forgives the said offense completely, and typically without consequences. For purposes of conservative politics, amnesty is a political term typically associated with two major issues: immigration and capital punishment. As it relates to immigration, amnesty is the term used for granting automatic citizenship to resident aliens, who are in the United States illegally. Amnesty for illegal immigrants is the subject of tremendous controversy since it essentially bypasses the citizenship and assimilation process essential to all legal immigration into the United States. As it relates to the death penalty, amnesty is the term used for when a governor grants a reprieve from execution to a prisoner sentenced to death. In this case, amnesty is different from a pardon in that it doesnt exonerate the condemned from all punitive action or absolve the convicted of all wrongdoing.​ Illegal Immigration Was the 2013 Gang of Eight Bill amnesty? The easy answer is: Not really. The 2013Â   immigration bill did not offer blanket amnesty. In fact, there were a number of requirements, penalties, and steps that needed to be taken in order to remain in the country legally, and not everyone would get to stay: The Gang of Eight bill is actually called the Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013. It was a comprehensive immigration reform proposal originating in and passed by the US Senate. It was a Democrat-friendly bill that needed a lot of work and had a lot of poor elements to it. The eight members included Republicans Marco Rubio, John McCain, Jeff Flake, and Lindsey Graham and Democrats Chuck Schumer, Bob Menendez, Richard Durbin, and Michael Bennet. The bill eventually passed by a vote of 68-32. From a conservative standpoint, the bill was not very good and though it had provisions beefing up border security, they were ultimately toothless and gave far too much power to the executive branch. Immigration Reform If immigration reform fails once again, it needs to fail after both the Senate and House pass bills. If the House passes an enforcement-first bill that the Senate refuses to adopt, the Senate is equally responsible for reform failing. And while voters agree immigration reform needs to happen, they also agree that closing the border and preventing more illegal immigration is a top priority. If the bill ultimately fails it will be on those grounds. Democrats want little in the way of border security, increasing deportation of criminal aliens, or slowing down the legalization and citizenship process. All of these are crucial elements of any immigration reform. If they are absent, reform should fail. These provisions have broad support among voters. The proof is in the television and radio ads that members of the Gang of Eight are running. In those ads, the Senate bill proponents constantly talk about strong enforcement measures because they know Americans do not want to see the current scenario play out again in a decade. Of course, those measures have been trimmed out of the bill. If immigration reform ultimately fails because conservatives stood for these core elements it will be harder for them to be badgered politically. After all, the are holding out for positions with broad public support. That said, the Republican Party has never been known to play to their advantages well with the public. Pronunciation: amnistee Also Known As: acquittal, compurgation, exculpation, forgiveness, mercy, release Examples: Amnesty is a terrible policy, and its terrible politics. Its a terrible policy because you are rewarding people for breaking the law.- Tom Tancredo

Art Paper - 1409 Words

Art Appreciation Art cannot be classified into one category, style, or period. Art is very diverse, ranging from the beginning of the human being to today. Through the years, art has evolved dramatically from stick figures and two dimensional animals to three dimensional sculptures and intricate paintings. The artwork featured at the Seattle Art Museum shows many different types of art and features several different periods in which these artworks were created. Two pieces of art that stuck out the most at the museum was Albert Bierstadt’s Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast and Robert Arneson’s Pool with Splash. Both of these pieces of art showed character and seemed to almost speak to the viewer. Although there are many different periods†¦show more content†¦The pool that Robert formed using the ceramic media is three dimensional in form and is closely shaped like a lima bean. The â€Å"water† of the pool, is made up of many different pieces of ceramic and has several diff erent shades of blue and green. In order to represent the movement of water within the pool, Robert used complimentary blues and greens together and slightly swirled them to make it look close to how water moves. Each piece of the pools water fits together like a tight puzzle. They are numbered so that the colors and shapes can be set together perfectly while on display. In the center of the pool, is a large white ceramic â€Å"splash†. Robert gave this piece curves and form to represent the splash of water as if someone was jumping into the pool and creating a huge backsplash. The edge of Roberts Pool with Splash is created to look like the cement barrier that contains the water of the pool. He formed each piece to look like a block which forms the shape of the lima bean pool. These parts of his masterpiece do not have the glazy appearance that the water pieces give. The Pool with Splash by Robert Arneson really shows and represents how a pool in someone’s backyard wo uld look on a hot summer day. The group that Robert was in featured pop art in many of their pieces. With his Pool with Splash, Robert put the style of pop art into the pool. He wantedShow MoreRelatedBanana Fiber as Art Paper Alternative2555 Words   |  11 PagesBANANA FIBER AS ART PAPER ALTERNATIVE A Science Investigative Project Division Level TEAM CATEGORY Researchers Elioenie L. Vicente Brent Bracer B. Camacho Karen Joy S. Nietes VILLAFLOR CENTRAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL SOUTH WEST DISTRICT VILLAFLOR, OROQUIETA CITY ABSTRACT The current environmental situation of the Philippines calls for an initiative to cut down on wastes, and repurpose renewable resources such as the banana plant. One way to do it is to make fiber paper from the banana plantRead MoreArt Integration Reflection Paper1100 Words   |  5 Pageschild† I walked in to examine a variety of art supplies and a variety of students. That first day the class explored what is real â€Å"art’s integration†. Art’s integration to me had always meant that the school address art. I had thought that if the school were to simply add some type of art class it would count as integrating art into the school curriculum. However, I now know that art integration equally addresses the academia with the creative process and art forms. In the beginning of class we createdRead More20th Century Arts and Artist Paper1683 Words   |  7 Pages20th Century Arts and Artist Paper The subject of this course is an exploration of the ideas and values from the Scientific Revolution to the Second World War, examining the various revolutions in the world (scientific, political, economic, social, spiritual and artistic) and their impact on philosophy, theology, literature and the arts. This course so far has allowed me to see the influence of the Western thinking, forms of thinking and ideas on non-Western cultures and vice versa. As an accomplishmentRead MoreARTS 125 Week 5 Assignment Art And Culture Paper858 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Art and Culture Liliana Gonzalez ART/125 May 11, 2015 Joseph Blomer University of Phoenix Abstract Art has evolved in ways only one can imagine, however; their imagination does not have to go far because all one has to do is turn on the computer and connect to the World Wide Web to get information on everything. Architecture, sculpture, and painting has been around for ages, then photography made its way on to the art scene in the 1820’s and has taken leaps and bounds to establishRead MoreHistory of Arts Research Paper1085 Words   |  5 PagesCraig jones Dagmar E. Sproll April 3, 2012 Research Paper Christian Art In this research paper one will be reading about early Christian art and about how pagan-inspired themes, classical influences, and its two major tendencies: naturalism and abstract symbolism. Early Christian art and architecture is the art produced by Christians or under Christian ruling from the earliest period between about 350 and 525. The Christian art survived 2nd century’s and onwards. According to BeckwithRead MoreArt Final Paper 201 - After the Renaissance1485 Words   |  6 PagesArt 201 Professor Wilson May 6th 2012 Final Paper- Comparison between two works of art Pompeo Girolamo Batoni Diana and Cupid 1761 and Corrado Giaquinto The Lamentation 1740’s Neoclassical Art was an art form that followed the Baroque and Rococo art periods. Neoclassicism was a way for artists to display their wish to return to meaningful art, to escape the frivolity of landscapes and still life paintings, and paint something that had a moral, educational or inspirational value to theRead MoreIslamic Art Paper766 Words   |  4 PagesTyanne Rowe Museum Paper The Mihrab (prayer niche) dated 12th century, the point of origin being the city of Isfahan located in Iran is the object that captured my attention. This piece is considered to be a ceramic design made of â€Å"polychrome glazed cut tiles on a stone paste body that was later set into mortar†. Madrasa Imami is a school, in which this piece in was created 1354, later it was sold to Arthur U. Pope in 1931. When arriving at the museum I noticed that the items on display inRead MoreCulinary Arts Research Paper2858 Words   |  12 PagesCulinary Arts: A Piece of Cake Culinary goes back to the beginning of time; we’ve always had to eat. Cooking is an art, and many different countries and cultures create their very own way of making their cuisines. So, in the beginning of time, how’d they make their food? How has culinary developed as a profession? These questions and many more will be answered to you. At the beginning of time, humans ate whatever was available to them. They didn’t have fast food restaurant or fancy Italian restaurantsRead MoreResearch Paper on the Fine Arts (Film): Shakespeare in Love521 Words   |  2 PagesFine art can be distinguished from applied arts due to its primary use for aesthetics and ever since the 17th century the term has been referred to art forms. Five main forms of fine arts include sculpture, architecture, music, painting and poetry. In modern times, fine art has encompassed several other forms such as photography, printmaking, and film. Fine arts in terms of film often refer to motion pictures, and the concept of film as a type of fine art form. The process of producing films canRead MoreThe Art Of War, By Sun Tzu And The Paper `` The Challenge Of Information Warfare ``1324 Words   |  6 PagesWar strategy is a complicated subject. A few decades ago, warfare was generally thought of only in terms of physical fighting; however, today ’s technological society has introduced a new arena of defense and attacks. The book â€Å"The Art of War† by Sun Tzu and the paper â€Å"The Challenge of Information Warfare† by Major General Wang Pufeng are both great readings about how countries must act to be successful in war. Both authors agree on two major aspects of wartime strategy: information and the use of

Weber and Simmel’s Take on Power and Conflict Free Essays

Amber Clayton Weber and Simmel’s Take on Power and Conflict Jon Witt, explaining Max Weber’s theory on resources of power, was not surprised at the fact that students do not use the party resource to fight for better tuition costs, because of the individualistic society of the United States. This fits into conflict theory because the school would be considered a rational-legal authority. The students â€Å"give in† to the rules and perceived rights of the school to raise tuition costs. We will write a custom essay sample on Weber and Simmel’s Take on Power and Conflict or any similar topic only for you Order Now As Jon Witt said â€Å"there are reasons†¦ for why people should do what they are told to do. If the school did not charge the students money then they would not be able to pay the teachers and professors to educate them. This idea fits into the broader theory because Witt’s claim about the US being individualistic is not expanded in this chapter, but it is in previous ones. In chapter 4, Witt mentioned â€Å"†¦we combine extreme interdependence (due to specialization) with a strong sense of individualism (tied to a weak collective conscience). We depend on each other more than ever, but we realize it less. In an article by Margaret Foster, she asks 70 college presidents â€Å"can you school continue to attract students at its current rate of tuition growth? † and 80% said yes. This tells me that students are simply following the rational-legal authority of the bureaucratic schools, choosing to accept the higher charges and taking out higher loans. The stud ents most likely do this because they are too weak as individuals to do anything about it or they assume the school leaders are making these decisions because they have no other choice (bad economy, budget cuts, ect). George Ritzer claims that the unpredictability of human error has led to a desire for greater control and the replacement of human with nonhuman technology. The idea of companies (bureaucracies) replacing humans with technology to ensure efficiency fits into Weber’s theory of formal rationality. As Ritzer explains â€Å"[Fast-food chains have] employed all the rational principles pioneered by the bureaucracy and is part of the bureaucratic system because huge conglomerates now own many of the fast-food chains. McDonald’s utilized bureaucratic principles and combined them with others, and the outcome is the process of McDonaldization. † Ritzer backs his claim up with multiple examples and evidence. One of which being the replacement of human communication over the telephone. Companies force people to go through a string of â€Å"press 1 for yes or 2 for no†s before they even talk to a real person. In some cases, the person doesn’t speak to a real person at all. Although annoying, people just excuse it away as a consequence of living in our technological world. This idea is expanded in an article by Karen Korzep. She outlines the advantages and problems with TeleHealth (medical technology) and the resistance among people to a total technological take-over. She explains in her conclusion that â€Å"just because the technology exists, does not mean that everyone will be accepting to it†¦ [however] [i]n my opinion, it will be at least one more decade before we see this technology take over and really have an effect on jobs. † Therefore, even though people may have resistance to the technology and worry that it will affect jobs negatively, the technology will still, most likely, take over in time. William J. Staudenmeier, Jr. claims in his chapter about Georg Simmel’s theories on social drinking that when a member of the group buys a round of drinks, the others would not simply pay them money, because â€Å"treating†¦ has to do with personal relationships, and it is not strictly an economic exchange. † This idea fits into conflict theory because the taverns are becoming more and more bureaucratic with rules and regulations that the consumers must follow or face the consequences (kicked out or banned for fighting or over drinking). Instead of backing his claim up with evidence, Staudenmeier expands on the idea by saying â€Å"the ‘surplus of satisfaction’†¦ comes from the value of giving and receiving in a group in which such actions and the thought of such actions make us feel good and make us feel a part of the group. This is outside the narrow cash nexus of economic exchange because what is calculated here is not mere profit and loss. † The issue of teenage pregnancy and how it fits into this theory is best addressed in an article by Linda Arms Gilbert. She outlined a study done by the Franklin Heights Federal Housing Project in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. The Murfreesboro Housing Authority partnered with the police department to help rid the projects from drug-related behaviors by developing positive relationships with the Franklin Heights families. The police department made over 500 contacts, creating a positive working relationship between the families and law enforcement as well as informed residents willing to provide tips against drug-related behaviors. The Parks and Recreation Department started an after-school program for 8-13-year old students, which included educational leisurely activities and an after-school tutoring program. A Parents as Teachers Program was started that allowed teen mothers to connect with their children. The program â€Å"held group meetings to help young parents understand the emotional, physical cognitive needs of their young children and to form a community of teen mothers who could offer support to each other. In the end â€Å"Franklin Heights has taught an entire city about the importance of collaboration and has shown what can be accomplished when individuals and agencies choose to look beyond the borders of their own job descriptions and departments to see the needs of families within that community. † The point is that, even in a bureaucratic society where, typically, rational-legal authority does not think about the well-being of their â€Å"workers† (in this case, the people who req uire government assistance), there can be an authority who thinks beyond what is efficient and profitable and helps the issue of teenage pregnancy, drug use, and violence. ——————————————- [ 1 ]. John Witt, The Big Picture: A Sociology Primer (New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2007) p 89 [ 2 ]. Witt, p 86 [ 3 ]. Witt, 59 [ 4 ]. FOSTER, MARGARET. â€Å"Sticker Shock. † American Scholar 82. 1 (2013): 120. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. [ 5 ]. George Ritzer, â€Å"The Weberian Theory of Rationalization and the McDonaldization of Contemporary Society†, Peter Kivisto, ed. , Illuminating Social Life: Classical and Contemporary Theory Revisited, 4th ed. (Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press, 2008), p 52 [ 6 ]. Ritzer, p 45 [ 7 ]. Ritzer, p 54 [ 8 ]. Korzep, Karen. â€Å"The Future Of Technology And The Effect It May Have On Replacing Human Jobs. † Technology Health Care 18. 4/5 (2010): 353-358. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. [ 9 ]. Korzep, p 357 [ 10 ]. William Staudenmeier, Jr. , â€Å"Alcohol-Related Windows on Simmel’s Social World,† Kivisto, 109 [ 11 ]. Staudenmeier, Jr. , p 110 [ 12 ]. Gilbert, Linda Arms. â€Å"The Teen Pregnancy Dilemma: A Different Solution. † Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin 73. 3 (2007): 5-8. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. p 3 [ 13 ]. Gilbert, p 3 How to cite Weber and Simmel’s Take on Power and Conflict, Essay examples

Character Development free essay sample

Describe in detail the THREE most important things which happen to Amir which cause him to change his attitude to life. Find quotation and detail from the text to support your argument. I think that the three most important events in the book that effect Amir’s character is.. 1) When he watches Assef rape Hassan. This while it does not effect Amirs’s character in a positive way, still has a profound effect on him. He is wracked with guilt that haunts him though his life. It is a ‘metaphorical demon’ that he must face. After allowing Hassan to be raped, Amir is not any happier. On the contrary, his guilt is relentless, and he recognizes his selfishness cost him his happiness rather than increasing it. â€Å"That was a long time ago, but it’s wrong what they say about the past, I’ve learned, about how you can bury it. We will write a custom essay sample on Character Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because the past claws its way out. Looking back now, I realize I have been peeking into that deserted alley for the last twenty-six years. † To the reader, the quotation functions as a teaser. It piques the reader’s interest without revealing exactly what Amir is talking about, and from the time period Amir mentions, twenty-six years, the reader gets an idea of just how important this moment was. As the story unfolds, we realize that the deserted alley Amir refers to is where Hassan was raped, and that this event has largely defined the course of Amir’s life since. This is what Amir means when he says that the past continues to claw its way out. Try as he might to bury it, he was unable to because his feelings of guilt kept arising. As a result, he figuratively continues peeking into the alley where Assef raped Hassan, literally meaning that he keeps going over the event in his mind. â€Å"I actually aspired to cowardice, because the alternative, the real reason I was running, was that Assef was right: Nothing was free in this world. Maybe Hassan was the price I had to pay, the lamb I had to slay, to win Baba. † When Amir says this, toward the end of Chapter 7, he has just watched Assef rape Hassan,and rather than intervene, he ran away. Amir says he aspired to cowardice because, in his estimation, what he did was worse than cowardice. If fear of being hurt by Assef were the main reason he ran, Amir suggests that at least would have been more justified. Instead, he allowed the rape to happen because he wanted the blue kite, which he thought would prove to Baba that he was a winner like him, earning him Baba’s love and approval. The price of the kite, as Amir says, was Hassan, and this is why Amir calls Hassan the lamb he had to slay. He draws a comparison between Hassan and the lamb sacrificed during the Muslim holiday of Eid Al-Adha to commemorate Abraham’s near sacrifice of his son to God. In this context, Hassan was the sacrifice Amir had to make to get the kite and ultimately to gain Baba’s affection. 2) the discovery of Sohrab. Once Amir has married and established a career, only two things prevent his complete happiness: his guilt and his inability to have a child with Soraya. Sohrab, who acts as a substitute for Hassan to Amir, actually becomes a solution to both problems. Amir describes Sohrab as ‘looking like a sacrificial lamb’during his confrontation with Assef, but it is actually himself that Amir courageously sacrifices. In doing this, as Hassan once did for him, Amir redeems himself, which is why he feels relief even as Assef beats him. Amir also comes to see Sohrab as a substitute for the child he and Soraya cannot have, and as a self-sacrificing father figure to Sohrab, Amir assumes the roles of Baba and Hassan. 3)The confintation with Assef. My body was broken—just how badly I wouldn’t find out until later—but I felt healed. Healed at last. I laughed. † This quotation occurs during Amir’s meeting with Assef as he tries to find Sohrab in Chapter 22. Assef beats Amir with brass knuckles, snapping Amir’s ribs, splitting his lip and busting his jaw, and breaking the bone beneath his left eye, but because Amir feels he deserves this, he feels relief. He thinks he should have accepted the beating from Assef years ago, when he was given the choice of saving Hassan—and likely getting physically hurt—or letting Assef rape Hassan. Since that time, Amir has struggled with his guilt, which was only made worse by the fact that he was never punished for his actions. He had even gone looking for punishment in the past, as when he tried to get Hassan to hit him with the pomegranates, because he felt then there would at least be some justice for the way he treated Hassan. But Amir’s guilt lingered until his confrontation with Assef, which despite the physical pain, made him feel psychologically healed. Thus, while Assef beat him, he began to laugh. For each of these ‘life lessons’, describe how Amir changes /what he learns. (How is Amir different at the end of the novel)? 1)The rape, at first,does not have a positive outcome to Amir’s personality. But it was a cross road. The rape made Amir wake up to the true world. Because he chose not to help the guilt haunts him. This guilt is the metaphorical demon of Amir. If it wasn’t for this guilt Amir would have never found the motivation to help Sohrab. The book is about redemption, redemption of this guilt. But because he feels guilt about the rape, and how it has troubled him for the past 26 year shows how deeply he actually cared about Hassan. The raep motivates him though out the book to try and find a way to redeem himself to face down his demon. 2)The discovery of Sohrab gives Amir away to redeem himself for his past sins. He is to Amir â€Å"a sacrificial lamb† Because of this he becomes truly determined and dedicated to Sohrab. And the man he becomes through helping him is a man to be admired. 3)His confintation with Assef is to AMire a way to pay for his sins. Completely get ride of them. A way to ‘heal’ himself. This is where the man at the end of the book, a good man, comes into being. What do you think about Amir? Do you admire him or not? Explain why you feel like this? The central character of the story as well as its narrator, Amir has a privileged upbringing. His father, Baba, is rich by Afghan standards, and as a result, Amir grows up accustomed to having what he wants. The only thing he feels deprived of is a deep emotional connection with Baba, which he blames on himself. He thinks Baba wishes Amir were more like him, and that Baba holds him responsible for killing his mother, who died during his birth. Amir, consequently, behaves jealously toward anyone receiving Baba’s affection. His relationship with Hassan only exacerbates this. Though Hassan is Amir’s best friend, Amir feels that Hassan, a Hazara servant, is beneath him. When Hassan receives Baba’s attention, Amir tries to assert himself by passive-aggressively attacking Hassan. He mocks Hassan’s ignorance, for instance, or plays tricks on him. At the same time, Amir never learns to assert himself against anyone else because Hassan always defends him. All of these factors play into his cowardice in sacrificing Hassan, his only competition for Baba’s love, in order to get the blue kite, which he thinks will bring him Baba’s approval. The change in Amir’s character we see in the novel centers on his growth from a selfish child to a selfless adult. After allowing Hassan to be raped, Amir is not any happier. On the contrary, his guilt is relentless, and he recognizes his selfishness cost him his happiness rather than increasing it. Once Amir has married and established a career, only two things prevent his complete happiness: his guilt and his inability to have a child with Soraya. Sohrab, who acts as a substitute for Hassan to Amir, actually becomes a solution to both problems. Amir describes Sohrab as looking like a sacrificial lamb during his confrontation with Assef, but it is actually himself that Amir courageously sacrifices. In doing this, as Hassan once did for him, Amir redeems himself, which is why he feels relief even as Assef beats him. Amir also comes to see Sohrab as a substitute for the child he and Soraya cannot have, and as a self-sacrificing father figure to Sohrab, Amir assumes the roles of Baba and Hassan. So in conclusion I did not like Amir’s character at the bigining but I could understand it. On His path to redemption I admire him for just how much he did to achive his goal. His character at the end I truly admire,here is a man who made him self suffer for years and after reliving himself of that guilt is a truly better man. One that I am sure Baba would be proud of.

Overpopulation in Pakistan Essay Example

Overpopulation in Pakistan Paper The qualitative aspects Of population, major factors affecting population growth, Malthusian population trap, the problems created by overpopulation and the possible solutions to the problems. All this will be done with the help of graphs. Introduction: Overpopulation can be defined as the condition where â€Å"finite resources of a particular area will run out if the population expands beyond a given point†. Economics is defined as the social science dealing with the allocation of scarce resources. The earth has a reserve of scarce resources and when the population exceeds a certain level, allocation of these resources becomes official and leads to various economic problems such as unemployment and poverty. Historical perspective: The population of the world has reached six billion. There has been a gradual increase in the world population over the centuries (see table 2. 1 and fig. 2. 2). During the 1 sass the growth rate was low a mere 1. 47%, it further decreased during the sass’s. The main reason for this decline was that if at that time an epidemic spread, it ravaged millions of people. Also the infant mortality rate was high but despite the less use of contraceptives, the population growth rate was low. In the decade of 1 970, the population increased very quickly and problems related to overpopulation arose. We will write a custom essay sample on Overpopulation in Pakistan specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Overpopulation in Pakistan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Overpopulation in Pakistan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This made the people realize the need for restricting their families, so after the sass’s the growth rate started declining. This is not of much help because there were already a large number of people present on the earth now; the damage had been already done. The population distribution has also affected this. Population density: One very interesting fact is that most of the world population is concentrated in the lesser-developed countries, most of which are in Asia (see fig 2. 3). These countries have limited resources, so the increasing population is a strain on the country. As the people have lesser exposure to the facilities of living, they remain unaware of problem of population and continue to have large families. In comparison to the world growth rate the, the growth rate of Asia only started to decline during the sass’s. It means that the more developed countries, which are mostly located in the west, mainly offered the reduction in growth rate. As the lower developed countries were unable to control population growth, they were unable to develop themselves. They are aught in a dilemma; a lot of labor force but most of the available human force were not productive. Purpose of Assignment: Our aim is to analyze the overpopulation problem in Pakistan. Although the population has qualitative as well as quantitative aspects, we will focus mainly On the quantitative aspects. Overpopulation poses threats to the society and the economy. Our focus is the economy but we will also discuss some social issues, relating to the economy. Relationship between population and economic development: Production level of a country can be boosted by the working capacity of the population. Population is playing a double role in the process of economic development of third world countries. It provides labor force for economic development and is also a burden on resources. Population in Pakistan include: Growth rate, birth rate, death rate and migration.

Biography of Blaise Pascal, Inventor of the Calculator

Biography of Blaise Pascal, Inventor of the Calculator French inventor Blaise Pascal (June 19, 1623–Aug. 19, 1662) was one of the most reputed mathematicians and physicists of his time. He is credited with inventing an early calculator, amazingly advanced for its time, called the Pascaline. Fast Facts: Blaise Pascal Known For: Mathematician and inventor of an early calculatorBorn: June 19, 1623 in Clermont, FranceParents: Étienne Pascal and his wife Antoinette BegonDied: August 19, 1662 in Port-Royal abbey, ParisEducation: Home-schooled, admitted to meetings of the French Academy, studies at Port-RoyalPublished Works: Essay on Conic Sections (1640), Pensà ©es (1658), Lettres Provinciales (1657)Inventions: Mystic Hexagon, Pascaline calculatorSpouse(s): NoneChildren: None Early Life Blaise Pascal was born at Clermont on June 19, 1623, the second of three children of Étienne and Antoinette Bà ©gon Pascal (1596–1626). Étienne Pascal (1588–1651) was a local magistrate and tax collector at Clermont, and himself of some scientific reputation, a member of the aristocratic and professional class in France known as noblesse de robe. Blaises sister Gilberte (b. 1620) was his first biographer; his younger sister Jacqueline (b. 1625) earned acclaim as a poet and dramatist before becoming a nun. Antoinette died when Blaise was 5. Étienne moved the family to Paris in 1631, partly to prosecute his own scientific studies and partly to carry on the education of his only son, who had already displayed exceptional ability. Blaise Pascal was kept at home in order to ensure he was not being overworked, and his father directed that his education should be at first confined to the study of languages. He requested that mathematics not be introduced until his son was 15. This naturally excited the boys curiosity, and one day, being then 12 years old, he asked what geometry was. His tutor replied that it was the science of constructing exact figures and of determining the proportions between their different parts. Blaise Pascal, stimulated no doubt by the injunction against reading it, gave up his play-time to this new study, and in a few weeks had discovered for himself many properties of figures, and in particular the proposition that the sum of the angles of a triangle is equal to two right angles. In response, his father brought him a copy of Euclid. A genius from a young age, Blaise Pascal composed a treatise on the communication of sounds at the age of 12, and at the age of 16 he composed a treatise on conic sections. A Life of Science At the age of 14, Blaise Pascal was admitted to the weekly meetings of Roberval, Mersenne, Mydorge, and other French geometricians, from which, ultimately, the French Academy sprung. In 1641, at the age of 18, Pascal built his first arithmetical machine, an instrument which, eight years later, he further improved and called the Pascaline. His correspondence with Fermat about this time shows that he was then turning his attention to analytical geometry and physics. He repeated Torricellis experiments, by which the pressure of the atmosphere could be estimated as a weight, and he confirmed his theory of the cause of barometrical variations by obtaining at the same instant readings at different altitudes on the hill of Puy-de-Dà ´me. The Pascaline The idea of using machines to solve mathematical problems can be traced at least as far back as the early  17th century. Mathematicians who designed and implemented calculators that were capable of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division included Wilhelm Schickhard, Blaise Pascal, and Gottfried Leibniz. Pascal invented his numerical wheel calculator called the  Pascaline  to help his father, by then a French tax collector, count taxes. The Pascaline had eight movable dials that added up to eight figured long sums and used base ten. When the first dial (ones column) moved 10 notches, the second dial moved one notch to represent the tens column reading of 10. When the second dial moved 10 notches, the third dial (hundreds column) moved one notch to represent one hundred, and so on. Blaise Pascals Other Inventions Roulette Machine Blaise Pascal introduced a very primitive version of the roulette machine in the 17th century. The roulette was a by-product of Blaise Pascals attempts to invent  a  perpetual motion machine. Wrist Watch The first reported person to actually wear a  watch  on the wrist was Blaise Pascal. Using a piece of string, he attached his pocket watch to his wrist. Religious Studies In 1650 while he was in the midst of this  research, Blaise Pascal suddenly abandoned his favorite pursuits to study religion, or, as he says in his Pensà ©es, contemplate the greatness and the misery of man. At about the same time, he persuaded the younger of his two sisters to enter the Benedictine abbey of Port-Royal. In 1653, Blaise Pascal had to administer his fathers estate. He took up his old life again and conducted several experiments on the pressure exerted by gases and liquids. It was also about this period that he invented the arithmetical triangle, and together with Fermat he created the calculus of probabilities. He was meditating marriage when an accident again turned his thoughts to religious life. He was driving a four-in-hand carriage on November 23, 1654, when the horses ran away. The two leaders dashed over the parapet of the bridge at Neuilly, and Blaise Pascal was saved only by the traces breaking. Death Always somewhat of a mystic, Pascal considered this a special summons to abandon the world. He wrote an account of the accident on a small piece of parchment, which for the rest of his life he wore next to his heart to perpetually remind him of his covenant. He moved to Port-Royal shortly after, where he continued to live until his death in Paris on August 19, 1662. Constitutionally delicate, Pascal had injured his health by his incessant study; from the age of 17 or 18 he suffered from insomnia and acute dyspepsia, and at the time of his death he was physically worn out. He neither married nor had children, and at the end of his life he became an ascetic. Modern scholars have attributed his illness to a variety of possible ailments, including gastrointestinal tuberculosis, nephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, and/or irritable bowel syndrome. Legacy Blaise Pascals contribution to computing was recognized by computer scientist Nicklaus Wirth, who in 1972 named his new computer language Pascal (and insisted that it be spelled Pascal, not PASCAL). The Pascal (Pa) is a unit of atmospheric pressure named in honor of Blaise Pascal, whose experiments greatly increased knowledge of the atmosphere. A pascal is the force of one newton acting on a surface area of one square meter. It is the unit of pressure designated by the International System.100,000 Pa 1000 mb or 1 bar. Sources OConnell, Marvin Richard. Blaise Pascal: Reasons of the Heart.  Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1997.  OConnor, J. J. and E. F. Robertson. Blaise Pascal. School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland, 1996. WebPascal, Blaise. Pensà ©es. Trans. W.F. Trotter. 1958. Intro. T.S. Eliot. Mineola, NY: Dover, 2003. Print.Simpson, David. Blaise Pascal (1623–1662). Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2013. Web.  Wood, William.  Blaise Pascal on Duplicity, Sin, and the Fall: The Secret Instinct. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

Movie Comparison Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Comparison - Movie Review Example Similarly, similarities in movies may also be analyzed to see how they implicate the touch and feel of these movies being compared. For the purpose, two movies of similar nature may be compared and contrasted to analyze various elements involved. Thus, a comparison of the movie The Kid with a Bike and Bicycle Thieves may prove futile for the paper. Therefore, the paper will be arguing how both papers are similar in context to the various themes and simple symbolic elements like a bicycle. Yet, the paper will also be talking about how the themes which are similar in nature have been approached in a different fashion with elements of contemporary nature impacting one movie making it different from the other. Therefore, an analysis of these similarities and differences will lead towards conclusive discussion of how these elements drastically impact the movie being talked about. Firstly, both the movies are similar in context to their reflection of harsh realities of time. Thus, both movies tend to reflect on the hard lives of the central characters by depicting their heartbreaking life stories. In this context, the movie ‘The kid with a bike’ takes a naturalistic approach while narrating sufferings of an abandoned child. This theme is similar to the one depicted in the Italian styled movie ‘Bicycle Thieves’. In both the movies, the core point of concern throughout have been the highly difficult moral as well as economic conditions which De Sica had to suffer after his bike gets stolen. Therefore, both movies are exactly similar in explicating the hard struggles which the central characters had to suffer from. The realistic lens, thus, proves to be futile in this context. Another shared theme between the two movies, besides the element of harsh realities of life has been that of the material prosperity. The central character Cyril in the movie, The kid in the Bike’ isn`t born rich and thus, when he

Appraising Legal Concerns Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Appraising Legal Concerns - Research Paper Example Contract Law Contract law is the most fundamental governing law of any procurement project. It is because procurement projects commence after signing the legal contract. Managers must be completely aware of all legal obligations of a contract so they may not step out of line. A comprehensive definition of contract law is; â€Å"An agreement between two or more persons which creates an  obligation to do or not to do a particular thing. Its essentials are competent  parties, subject matter, a legal consideration, mutuality of agreement, and mutuality of obligation.† (Fleming, 2003) But more suitable definition of contract law (regarding procurement management) is; â€Å"A contract is a mutually binding agreement that obligates the seller  to provide the specified product and obligates the buyer to pay for  it† (Institute, 2000) However, most of procurement projects involve more than just mere buying and selling of goods and services. Procurement includes partnersh ips and joint ventures and they legally bind the participants to perform an action. That is why it is better to use the definition for contract law which has a broader perspective. Taking a deeper look into the broader definition, following ten points can be concluded; a. A contract is a promise between two or more people or two or more parties b. ... The other party that needs to accept the offer has to accept it unconditionally f. If the accepting party wants to make adjustments (modification) to the original offer, the original offer will become void and a new offer will be formed. This process can continue until there is an offer from one party and an unconditional acceptance of it by the other. g. Concurrency is obligatory; all parties to the contract must agree to the same exact terms. h. A contract becomes only legal when there is ‘consideration’ involved. Consideration is anything that has value and is offered in exchange of something (goods or service). Consideration doesn’t necessarily have to be of the same value. i. The purpose of a contract should be legal as illegal contracts have negligible value in the eyes of law. j. All contracts need to be in the proper legally acceptable format. This usually requires the contract to be in black and white form (on paper) and signed. Mostly real estate contrac ts and contracts of simple buying/selling are classic examples (Fleming, 2003). Agency law By the standards of this law, any agent that will be appointed by the company (principal) will hold the same position in the deciding about procuring goods as the CEO. In other words, the agent will be acting on behalf of the company. Whatever contract he will enter the company into, the company will be liable to abide by the rules and promises of that contract. In the Latin phrase, the relationship between agent and principal is described by the  phrase,  qui facit per alium, facit per se, i.e.  the one who acts through another, acts in his or her own interests (Wikipedia contributors, 2011). Regarding the matter at hand which

Of mice and men - Criminal Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Of mice and men - Criminal Justice - Essay Example Thus, in his mind, he did not think it possible to live without his rabbits, which he loved. However, to understand the reasons for which he could not stop himself from murdering Curley’s wife, it is essential to look first at the factors that had made Lennie who he was. First, the events that led up to Lennie’s murder of Curley’s wife show that it was not entirely his fault that he committed the act. To begin with, despite Lennie asking her to leave, she refuses and actually moves closer to him and places his hand on her head (Steinbeck 45), thus beginning the physical connection that eventually results in her death. She did this in the full knowledge that, this was a man who had crushed Curley’s hand and, also killed a small puppy. In this case, it is possible to argue that Lennie was totally responsible for killing Curley’s wife and, therefore, committing manslaughter. This is because he had killed a puppy just before Curley’s wife came into the barn (Steinbeck 42), while he had also been accused of rape when working on a farm in Weed and crushed Curley’s hand. In essence, even though he does not fully understand his crimes, he is aware that he has done wrong as he flees the area and accepts that he has d one wrong. Now, Lennie has murdered another person and, thus, needs to be jailed to protect other people, as well as himself. However, looking at it from another perspective, Lennie is not guilty of homicide because he is mentally handicapped and killing Curley’s wife was not an intentional action. Although he is a grown-up, he is described as being child-like and not responsible for any of his actions. Lennie has shown that he at least has some understanding about what bad behavior entails in the past. For instance, he is aware that his rape in Weed was bad behavior, while he is also aware that killing the small puppy was a

Role of Social Media in Developing Awareness

Role of Social Media in Developing Awareness Part A: Use of social media Social media plays an important role in awareness creation. It provides the best mode of communication to many organizations in the present world. It involves the use of social networks such as Televisions, face book, websites among other broadcasting techniques. Social media build an idea environment for interaction where people can meet and share their idea. Communication in the social media covers a wide area since many people are accessible to the information, for instance, many people can access information posted to a Facebook page. Information posted can be spread to many people over a short period of time. Advancement in technology has played an important role in improving social media communication. People who are a distant apart can communicate to each other as if they are close to each other. Many organizations have utilized the social media to communicate their agenda to the mass. This text will focus on Acorns Childrens Hospice, one of the social care organizations by an alysing how the organization utilizes social media to create its awareness (Firth, Luff, Oliviere, 2005, 58). Acorn children hospice trust is one of the registered charity organizations that offers network of care and support to the life-threatened and life-limited children and their families across the entire central England. The organization constitutes a well community team that offers support to families in their homes. Aware creation is important since it helps the family to mobilize resources and seek for support from various organizations in order to support the charity work. Social media enhances the acknowledgement of the organization and its activities globally and therefore, anybody willing to support the organization can do it from wherever they are (Firth, Luff, Oliviere, 2005, 56). The organization uses various social media to communicate on their values. These include advertisement through the television. This provides an ideal method of awareness creation since most people are accessible to television in the present world. The advertisements are made at a given interval period of time repeatedly so that many people can acquire the information communicated on the advertisement. For example, the North West hospice club jointly came together to launch a joint TV advertisement. The main aim of the advertisement was to raise funds and creation of awareness about their existence They also use Face book to advertise their services and terms of operation. For more emphasis, they upload the group photo of the children supported by the organization and post it on face book. Through these, anybody who accesses their page will see their existence. Face book forms one of the most used social media today. Studies show that most youth today are addicted to Face-book, approximately more than half the youth population in the world access Face book every day. They access Face book through chatting with friend and in the process they can come across the adverts made via the Face book. They have form their Face book link and twitter link that people can follow to access their information They also have a website where they post their activities and news. Anybody can access the information posted on the website when he or she visits the website. They have a well-organized website where they description. They have pages and links on the website that people can follow in order to partner with them in their activities. One can reach their site by clicking www.acorns.org.uk. Websites are not very popular compared to the Facebook and twitters. The advantage in the website is that they provide a deep description of the activities of the company and therefore, one can get full details about the company from their website. Advertisement on the website is conducive for the current digital world, the advertisement can be read by any person in the world. The only disadvantage with this kind of advertisement is that the analogue people may not get the information and therefore they may not get accessed to the information. This mode of awareness creation only favours literate peop le and this that the information is limited to the learned people who can access the internet (Brown Warr, 2007, 35). The organization also uses social interaction and engagement in social activities to advertise their existence. This provides one of the best way of awareness creation, however, it is only limited to the region where the firm is located. The children home is the official charity of Aston Villa. They have the acorn’s day where they engage in so many activities. Since people like football, the association of the organization with football enhance the knowledge of people about the organization (Tuten, 2008, 68). Internet is used by people of all ages and therefore it forms one of the major medium of communication and is used to replace the TV advertisement, magazine and newspaper advertisement because of their limited coverage and lack of standardization. Online advertisement does not limit the volume of information that can be posted on the net and therefore, it allows the organization to give a full description of their activities. The organization can improve their awareness creation campaign using the social media by forming a link that link that can allow people to access the information using the phones via the text message. The information presented in this manner will reach the biggest percentage of people in the whole world including people who are not accessed to network. Communications on the social media are usually communicated in English which is a common language of the social network. This limits people who cannot understand English from acquiring the information. The information can be structured in that it is communicated in various language that at least many people if not all can understand. The information posted should give a detail of their programs, their ambitions and visions as an organization rather than just communicating their existence. People will get attracted to the company and be willing to visit their social websites and social Face book accounts after learning of the organizational visions and operational strategy. Evaluation according to appendix 3 Does your agency use social media? (since when, in what ways) Yes, the urgency uses social has been using social media since the period when it was formed. The group uses TV, and social networks such as Facebook to create awareness. How successful do you think it is? The use of social network has helped the organization to get donors who support the program. How many of your staff have social media skills? About a half of the staff members have some skills in social media Do you use social media in direct service delivery? Yes How might your agency/organisation use social media in the future? The organization can advance in its use of social media establishing a data base that will be used to update the organization’s program to the interested people. Is there anything else you would like to say on the use of social media in social care? Social media plays an important role in awareness creation about the social care organizations. Part B: Reflective Summery Effective communication is fundamental factors in an individual’s life. It is the key interpersonal skill and learning how an individual can improve communication skills is an important value in life. Communication involves the sending of the message and receiving of the message. Engagement in activities in these modules has enhanced my communication and interpersonal relations in various ways. Proper communication and interpersonal understanding enhances the individual’s relationship in the social area (Donnelly, Neville, 2008, 37). It helps in avoiding misunderstanding and possible conflicts that may arise between two individuals. People conflict over issues because of misunderstanding that arises from poor communication skills. Eloquent speech shows maturity and organization in an individual’s thinking. Through the module, my way of information presentation has improved in that I can now present information in a way that it can be understood easily. One of the important aspects in communication that I learnt is the art of listening. Listening is a critical element in a communication that involves more than one person. It mostly affects the verbal communication. Poor listening leads to misunderstanding in the communication and this may result to disagreement between the parties involved in communication (Donnelly, Neville, 2008, 39). There is need of using clarification and reflections in order to understand the meaning and the intention of the communication from the other party to avoid confusion. Interpersonal skills help us to communicate effectively and interact with people in our daily activities. People with strong interpersonal skills are usually successful in both the personal and professional life. Good interpersonal skills bring out the perception of calm, optimistic charismatic and confident in and individual and these qualities are usually appealing to others. Through the module I have acquired confident to relate positively with every person I interact with unlike in the past where I could segregate myself and chose people to communicate with. Effective communication is a communication that is bias free and does not tolerate prejudice. Some of the interpersonal skills learned in the module include verbal communication, non-verbal communication, negotiation, listening, problem solving, decision making and assertiveness. I can now express my ideas in an organized manner and in a scenario where there is need of negotiation; I know the approach to take. The study about communication skills and interpersonal skills is an important study that should be encouraged in any learning institution. Many people lack proper communication and interpersonal skills and therefore, they cannot address matters affecting them in the best way. This is the reason why there is a lot of wars and conflict in many parts of the world today. These skills are also important in the development and success of any business organization (Koprowska, 2010, 128). Building good communication skills help in reducing stress. Proper communication builds friendship and strong social support to an individual. One can easily vent out issues affecting them to the people they trust. On the other hand, interpersonal skills enable an individual to make appropriate decision on matters affecting him or her (Whitcomb, Whitcomb, 2013, 190). People usually face problems and challenges in the daily life and the major problem comes when an individual has to make a decision on a given matter at hand. This is the point where many people fail and because they don’t know the decision making skills, they end up making poor and informed decision that causes a lot of problems in their life. The module enhanced my decision making skills in that now I can take time, analyze the problem and eventually come out with an appropriate decision. Proper communication needs experimentation and practice. The skills are learned through experience and they improve along the course of life. Communication requires application of ethics and etiquette. In communication, I have learned to be honest and never to criticize anybody during the conversation. Communication involves allowing oneself to be challenged by other people’s idea. One should focus on the conversation during the communication process and avoid any form of interruption that may deter effective communication. Some of the ways in which an individual can improve the interpersonal and communication skills are as follows. An individual may seek an opportunity to lead in order to improve on the communication and interpersonal skills. Leadership provides a god ground for training individuals on their interaction with other people within the organization. To improve on the interpersonal skills, one ought to take up proactive initiative in any position they are. For instance, in a business setting, one may bring up fellow co-workers together to solve a problem within the institution or develop a concept that will help improve the performance of the business organization (West, Turner, 2011, 25). Through such activities, one learns how to effectively communicate with other people and at the same time he or she develops the interpersonal skills. Interpersonal skills are also perfected through practice. For example, people may learn to express themselves by engaging in writing activities since through it, it train it help a person to think before speaking out. Writing requires control and therefore, it helps people to communicate to themselves. Internal communication precedes the interpersonal communication; consistent writing can help a person improve on the interpersonal and communication skills. On the other side, practice can also be conducted by rehearsing communication skills by recording tool. Learners can record can record themselves and later on listen or watch themselves speaking. In the analysis, the person analyses the effective use of body language, language command, and tone of voice and the level of confidence. Acting is an art that offers a good opportunity to relate with various groups of people. It can enable a person to build on language command and confidence. Through acting, a person gets a chance to communicate on the stage in a manner that the audience can understand and appreciate. Through this, a person is able to build on his or her communication and interpersonal skills. There are several leaders in many spheres of life who expresses good communication and interpersonal skills. Taking time to watch and listen from speeches made by such leaders may also guide an individual to enhance the interpersonal skills. Communication and interpersonal skills determines how far an individual may go in terms of social related activities. This means that it also dictates personal success, poor communication and interpersonal skills result into failure in life (West, Turner, 2011, 23). SMART action plan Learning Objective How will objective be achieved? Action Plan How will objective be evaluated? To enhance the interpersonal and communication skills Form discussion forums and social interactions that will help people develop courage and confidence Analyse the ability of an individual to communicate in a group of people To enhance proper relations and ability to express ones idea Practice a lot of writing art Determine an individual’s ability to respond to situation and interact with various people. Enhance decision making skills Identify a problem and try to formulate a solution to the problem Analyze the effectiveness of an individual to handle a problem.

fahrenheit 9/11 :: essays research papers

1. Although most journalists would state that their main objective in reporting on a story is to maintain impartial, this with the onset of cable news stations as well as the internet has become increasingly rare. Cable news stations such as CNN and FOX news are increasingly influenced by the politicians and corporations which control most of their funding. As Michael Moore states in his documentary â€Å" Fahrenheit 9/11†, which ironically is another good example of bias in the media, the man in charge of Fox News’ decision desk on election night was none other then George Bush’s first cousin. I would seem impartially may be compromised in this situation. To say that the media worked together with the media to promote the Iraq war may be an exaggeration, however the media in know way held the government responsible for the fraud that they committed in invading Iraq. The media, whether knowingly or not, promoted the Bush Administrations agenda in Iraq by arousin g overwhelming feelings of nationalism in the American people. It then became unpopular, or un-american to oppose the war. In the case of the Iraq war the media failed to properly fulfill its responsibility of maintaining accountability in government as well as most importantly reporting in an impartial style. Saddam Hussein was a dictator, who through intimidation and force maintained his grasp on power. These are tactics used by many governments throughout the world, ironically including the Amercian government. Saddam had a history of human rights violations and corruption, although compared to other international leaders his transgressions can be considered moderate. For example, in countries such as Rwanda and Sudan far more extreme measures have been taken by leaders, while the international community did little. The Iraq war is based far more upon oil and power then it is freedom. Seemingly, the Bush Administration and their corporate allies saw an opportunity to control the world’s second largest supply of oil and thus, like any savvy businessman would do, exploited it.

Recovering Addicts in the Field of Substance Abuse Counseling

RECOVERING ADDICTS IN THE FIELD OF SUBTANCE ABUSE COUSELING Is Substance Abuse Counseling a good career for a convicted felon and recovering drug addict? A person’s past mistakes in life can sometimes prevent that person from getting certain jobs later in life. With a prior criminal record some employers may not consider that individual as a good candidate for the job. Substance abuse counselors can be needed in hospitals, institutions, rehab centers, schools, and other government ran facilities.With a felony conviction against your criminal back ground check, government ran facilities normally will not hire convicted felons due to higher risk of a liability. Personal background checks are sometimes required as well and if that individual has a past known drug addiction, employers may seem skeptical of hiring. It has however been acknowledged that a recovering drug addict will make a better candidate than someone with no past drug addiction. A recovering drug addict has experi enced personally the addiction, struggles, and with drawls that are present when trying to become sober.Close to 100,000 people in the US work in recovery related jobs earning their living as drug counselors,†techs†,or social workers at the hospital treatment programs and thousands of rehabs across the country. Most people who enter the field of substance abuse counseling have some kind of personal connection with the problem. More than 50% are recovering drug addicts themselves or have family members or close friends that are addicts. A strange twist on the famous Hunter S. Thompson’s quote â€Å"When the going get weird, the weird turn pro. With a personal connection to a past life of drug/alcohol use it usually tends to mean substance abuse counselors are incredibly passionate and dedicated. There is however a downside. Many addicts even significant amount of sober time, are at risk of a relapse. When substance abuse counselors stumbles, the consequences are o ften more crucial than that of someone who is not in that type of career. Cynthia Moreno Tuchy, the EXECTUCTIVE DIRECTOR of THE NATIONAL ASSIOCATION OF ALOCHOLISM AND DRUG ABUSE COUNSELORS (NAADAC) puts a rather fine point on it. We (chemical dependency professionals) do very well treating clients in general; we don’t do so for the professionals in recovery. We tend to blame the victim –we say you have a disease, but we are not recognizing relapse is part of that disease cycle. Why would we not do for addiction counselors as we would for everyone else? † She says. Most graduate programs in chemical dependency require applicants to have significant time free-typical a year or two-from chemical use and in most states licensing boards require similar amounts of clean times.When a substance abuse counselor relapses, they violate that condition and normally lose their jobs. The climb back tends to be quite steep. While relapse of a counselor poses danger to patients, the biggest threat is actually to the person who relapses. â€Å"Anecdotally the recovery rate for persons who work in the field that relapse is abysmal. † Says Chuck Rice. Counselors who do relapse, may continue to escalate with their relapse for fear of losing their job and can go untreated and hit rock bottom once again, which could have been a simple slip up if treatment was assemble as sought.Many people, who make a living in the recovery field, complain over time, it can become easy for professionals to blur the line between demands of personal recovery and the demand of their job. Giving the low success rate at many rehabs, burn out is a major issue. â€Å"When you work in the field,† says John Leonard, â€Å"The last thing you want to do when you get off work is to go to a meeting. † Furthermore, recovering substance abuse counselors get used to being the one with the answers, the experiences, and creditability. It’s easy to confuse work with thei r own personal recovery programs.The irony is that support and safety nets that exist for other professionals who fall victim to addiction does not exist for people who work in this field. â€Å"Sobriety rates of monitored professionals exceed 90%† Says Chuck Rice, â€Å"A rate far above the average general population. † Touhy estimates that 85,000 people in the addiction work force an as many 30,000 are recovering addicts. Without a national monitoring system and strong areas of informal support, these professional who work every day helping others to a clean life will go without the support they need and deserve.As the recovery field grows, so will the need for the professional working to help make the system work. If a system such as this is established I believe it is possible and a good choice career for a recovering addict to pursue a career as a substance abuse counselor despite the risk and triggers that can lead to relapse many counselors and people working in the addiction field can relate to current addicts lifestyles and be grateful they are not on that path themselves. Having desired to help others recover from addiction because they themselves re in recovery there is hope in knowing that recovery is possible because they have achieved it. There was an incident that happened in 2009 that captured the national news. Adam â€Å"DJ AM† Goldstein, host of MTV GONE TO FAR intervention reality series, was found dead at his New York City apartment from a drug overdose. DJ AM had just finished filming the MTV intervention reality series when he himself relapsed and died from a drug overdose. He had been sober for eleven years and had hoped to help others beat drug addiction.Goldstein admitted before his death that watching the videos filmed by Gone to Far’s addicts and loved ones was a â€Å"terrifying† experience. Goldstein stated,† I am a recovering drug addict. When I see and I am in their room and the paraphern alia and the whole lifestyle and everything, I still, eleven years later, have little thing in my head that starts thinking, Oh, Where’s that? , I wonder what that is? And I look at it in this way, And I have to constantly remind myself why I’m here and remember what it was like. â€Å"There’s no better way to remember what it was like at my bottom than to see someone at their bottom, and to help them and lift them up. † Nick Zybko wrote that nearly 40% of substance abuse counselors relapse over the course of their career. The need for substance abuse counselors is growing in today society. With economic failures and job layoffs, more people today are at a greater risk in turning to drugs or alcohol to escape and run from their problems. Counselors and other professional workers in the addiction fields are continuing to search for roles to help society deal with substance abuse.Counselors are aware of the destruction it causes to individuals, families, bu sinesses, and other organizations caused by dependency on alcohol or other drugs. One factor in important quality needed in a successful intervention and recovery with counselor and patient is empathy, genuineness’s, warmth, immediacy. Paired along with effective helping skills, such as questioning, comforting, self-disclosing, clarifying, and other skills common to the counseling process.Most substance abuse counselors who are recovering addicts can relate to the patients on a more personal level and a patient-counselor trusting relationship can be better formed. Each organization and treatment facilities differs from state to state as to what credentials you need to pursue a career as a substance abuse counselor. All facilities I have researched are accepting to recovering addicts as long as there is a sobriety of one to two years. Most recovering addicts have a criminal background record as well due to the â€Å"addiction disease†.There are some rehabs a treatment f acilities that only hire certified substance abuse counselors who are in fact recovering addicts even with a criminal record. As long as the substance abuse counselor is not on probation or parole this type of career is perfect for a recovering addict with a criminal past who has the desire to help others recover from addictions. As with any career and everyday life, a recovering addict is always at risk of relapse because of the disease. Perusing a career as substance abuse counselor has it downfalls as well as its advantages.Living a drug free life and remaining in recovery is important no matter the choice of career. I have pondered throughout most of my life as to what type of career I want in life and now that I am at a point in my life to making positive changes, I feel substance abuse counseling is an excellent choice for myself and perhaps others who have lead a similar life to myself and have the want and desire and even personal experience and knowledge to help others reco ver from their addictions to live a healthy happy life without drugs or alcohol. Sally Hughes [email  protected] phoenix. edu

Theory of Mind essays

Theory of Mind essays Theory of mind is awareness that other people have different thoughts and minds to you. When referring to theory of mind we look at how someone's ability to understand their mental states of desires, beliefs, thoughts, etc. When a child has developed their theory of mind they are able to understand others have different thoughts, can recognise what others are feeling and seeing. Children also begin to utilise their theory of mind in everyday life, such as a child stating they wanted to go outside, where they have used the mental state of knowing what they want. Theory of mind is of interest to early childhood, as we are not born with theory of mind we grow to develop it. Early childhood especially around the ages 3-5 is when most children develop their theory of mind, however if children are given opportunities earlier on about mental states they will develop their theory of mind earlier. Many research completed on theory of mind looks at how we begin to understand and utilise theory of mind, below is how some research has used different approaches to examining theory of mind. Research study completed by Grazzani and Ornaghi (2012), investigates the relationship between mental-state language and theory of mind in primary school children. They also explore the link between use and comprehension of mental state language on one hand, and epistemic and emotional theory of mind on the other hand. For the study primary school children aged 8-11 years were participants. Of the participants there was 55 boys and 55 girls, 49 of the children were in grade three and 61 of the children were in fifth grade. The children came from two state primary schools located in middle class urban districts of Northern Italy. The study examined verbal ability, test of emotional comprehension, false belief battery, test of metacognitive and metalinguistic verb comprehension, describe a friend task, and use of...

Science Fair Project Ideas for 12th Graders

Science Fair Project Ideas for 12th Graders Twelfth-grade science fair projects can be interesting and even groundbreaking. High school seniors should be able to identify a project idea on their own and can conduct the science fair project and report on it without much assistance. Most 12th-grade science fair projects will involve proposing a hypothesis and testing it with an experiment. Advanced models and inventions offer other options for a successful 12th-grade project. 12th Grade Science Fair Project Ideas What is the best way to keep the fizz in an opened carbonated soft drink?Find and test a non-toxic antifreeze.Study the toxicity of energy drinks.Measure the toxicity of silver-mercury amalgam fillings.Determine which type of invisible ink is the most invisible.Measure crystal growth rate as a function of temperature.Which pesticide is most effective against cockroaches? ants? fleas? Is it the same chemical? Which pesticide is safest for use around food? Which is friendliest to the environment?Test products for impurities. For example, you could compare the amount of lead in different brands of bottled water. If a label says a product does not contain heavy metal, is the label accurate? Do you see any evidence of leaching of hazardous chemicals from plastic into water over time?Which sunless tanning product produces the most realistic-looking tan?Which brand of disposable contact lenses last the longest before a person decides to switch them out?Formulate a non-toxic or biodegradable ink. Test the efficiency of different shapes of fan blades.Can bath water be used for watering plants or the garden?Can you tell how much biodiversity is in a water sample by how murky the water is?Study the effect of landscaping on a buildings energy consumption.Determine whether ethanol really does burn more cleanly than gasoline.Is there a correlation between attendance and GPA? Is there a correlation between how close to the front of the classroom a student sits and GPA?Compare the wet strength of different brands of paper towels.Which method of cooking destroys the most bacteria?Are hybrid cars really more energy-efficient than gas or diesel-powered cars?Which disinfectant kills the most bacteria? Which disinfectant is the safest to use?

Telecommunications Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Telecommunications - Term Paper Example One strength of working in this company for me is that I can take my career to the next level by continuing my studies as the company provides me with the opportunity of continued professional development. The company takes very good care of its workforce and their needs. The company invests in the training and development of the existing workforce to inculcate the technical skills in them required to take the company further. Next year, my Master program in the telecommunication engineering would be sponsored by my company. Another strength of working in this company for me is that I am the only telecommunication engineer in the company handling all the technical work related to telecommunication engineering. Therefore, the room for me to handle all kinds of different operations of telecommunication engineering in the company and enhance my skills as well as to excel in the company is a lot. One weakness of working in this company for me is that since I am the only telecommunication engineer, I have to handle everything. This increases the load for me and sometimes, the work is too much to do singlehandedly. Although I usually get to manage the work within the time, but some times I have to overstay in order to do my work. Another weakness of this company originates basically in the nature of my job. My job is of such nature that problem can arise any time 24/7 and I have to address that wherever I am. So many times, I am called from home after the break off time to fix a certain error in the telecommunication network because of the importance of telecommunication in the routinely work. The opportunities for my job in this company are that this company is growing. It is an athletic footwear company. The company has redesigned its footwear and the new design is much more durable and long-lasting than the old design. The company is investing a lot in marketing its new product, and the response to it so far is overwhelming. Considering this and the

Multiplier-accelerator models Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Multiplier-accelerator models - Essay Example Keynes argued that level of output will increase due to multiplier relationship between output and autonomous consumption. (Hartley, J. et al. 1998). Change in output due to change in investment can be described in following manner: The Accelerator model is based upon the assumption if current economic activity increases, it will allow entrepreneurs to expand productive capacity by investing into additional capital stock . The Acceleration principle also outlines that there will be an increase in the output level with the increase in investment and there will be an additional investment when output increases. The above relationship suggests that consumption comprises of overall autonomous consumption and the propensity to consume with respect to the past income of an individual. Samuelson’s model therefore outlines different parametric conditions under which economy can move and as such economic cycles can occur. Samuelsson’s model is considered as incomplete as a theory of regular cycles because of its inability to predict regular business cycles however, it is still considered as one of the key advances in macroeconomic theory. Lloyd Metzler’s model was based upon his famous Inventory Cycle principle and suggested that the precise inventory policy as chosen by the producers might have an impact on the economic cycles. This model outlines that the change in output is a relationship between the consumption and investment and investment comprises of the investments made in inventory considering capital stock as constant. (SÃ ¸rensen, and Whitta-Jacobsen, 2010). Hicksian Model was also another attempt to understand the business cycles and how consumption and investment actually have an impact on the income level. Hicks assumed that the consumption is the function of past income while investor attempts to maintain a stock of capital in relation with the income. The combination of income and consumption therefore can generate oscillation in income or

Materials in Construction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Materials in Construction - Essay Example This has two components namely: direct and indirect. Direct energy is the energy used to transport building products to the site, and then to construct the building while indirect energy is the energy used to acquire, process, and manufacture the building materials, including any transportation related to these activities. Different materials have different embodied energy. It is measured as a quantity of non-renewable energy per unit of building material, component or system. It may be expressed as megaJoules (MJ) or gigaJoules (GJ) per unit of weight (kg or tonne) or area (square metre). Some embodied energy of common materials are presented in the table below. Embodied energy in construction has important connection to environment since CO2 emissions are highly correlated with the energy consumption. Literatures show that on average, 0.098 tonnes of CO2 are produced per gigajoule of embodied energy. Therefore, the higher the embodied energy of a specific construction material the higher its environmental effects. The external envelope is the primary and critical component of a building that serves as insulator and a protective physical covering for the occupants. The envelope consists of the roof, walls, windows, and the doors. Design of a building’s external covering is based upon several performance objectives such as: structural integrity, moisture control, temperature control, and control of air pressure boundaries. Common measures of the effectiveness of a building envelope include physical protection from weather and climate (comfort), indoor air quality (hygiene and public health), durability and energy efficiency. In order to achieve these objectives, all building enclosure systems must include a solid structure, a drainage plane, an air barrier, a thermal barrier, and may include a vapor barrier. Moisture control is essential in cold climates. Since the building enclosure is

History of Biligual Education Essay Example for Free

History of Biligual Education Essay My project was to go and find out about bilingual education’s history, process, and the experts in the field of bilingual education. Bilingualism is the ability to speak two languages fluently. Bilingualists study Bilingualism and bilingual education, which is teaching all subjects in school through two different languages. Bilingual Education was first adopted in Ohio in 1839, due to the increase of German-Americans (Rethinking). By the end of the 19th century, many states had adopted bilingual education laws to meet the demands of new immigrants due to industrialization. When World War I came many Americans changed their views of bilingual education, due to the fear of German-Americans and the government’s new Americanization policies, including English-only instruction. It wasn’t until the Civil Rights Movement Era and the Bilingual Education Act of 1968, when bilingual education was reintroduced into the United States. â€Å"The courts decision in the landmark Lau v. Nichols case required schools to take affirmative steps to overcome language barriers impeding childrens access to the curriculum. Congress immediately endorsed this principle in the Equal Educational Opportunity Act of 1974.†(Rethinking). In California, bilingual education was banned until 1967. In 1967, Governor Ronald Reagan signed legislation (SB 53) that authorized bilingual education, before the Bilingual Education Act of 1968. A blow for bilingual education came in 2002, when President George Bush’s No Child Left Behind Act got rid of the Bilingual E ducation Act of 1968, changing the way people look at bilingual education. In 1998 California, under Ron Unz’s Proposition 227, reverted Ronald Reagan’s SB 53. This Proposition later confirms Bush’s No Child Left Behind Act and the country’s renewed interest in English only instruction, due to the Iraq War. Many critics of bilingual education believe that bilingual education is failed, but proponents of bilingual education feel bilingual education is a better option than English-only instruction. Critics of bilingual education believe that children who receive bilingual education will not be able to help students learn English as well as English-only students. One of the critics of bilingual education, Rosalie Pedalino Porter of the Institute for Research in English Acquisition and Development (READ), believes that â€Å"the expectations for bilingual schooling were threefold: better and more rapid learning of English; better mastery of school subjects; and higher self-esteem among students, which could lead to higher academic achievement and fewer school dropouts. Unfortunately, none of these goals was achievedThe goal [of English immersion] is threefold: early literacy development in English, subject matter instruction in English with a special curriculum, and early inclusion of LEP students in mainstream classrooms for maximum exposure to native speakers of English and for greater integration of diverse student populations(Porter). However, â€Å"controlled studies consistently show that children in such properly organized bilingual classes acquire at least as much English as those in all-English classes and usually acquire more†(Krasen). Another proponent of bilingual education, Jay Greene provided research that â€Å"the use of the native language in instructing limited English proficient children has moderate beneficial effect s and that efforts to eliminate the use of the native language in instruction harm children by denying them access to beneficial approaches†(Greene). In addition to the belief that children who receive bilingual education will not be able to help students learn English as well as English-only students, critics of bilingual education believe that the passage of Proposition 227, caused test scores to increase. Proponents of 227 from the READ Institute argue that, the test scores from 1998-2000, show that minority English language learning students in California have done better on the SAT 9 test than those in bilingual education had done before (Mora). Kenji Hakuta, shows in his article, Points on SAT-9 Performance and Proposition 227, â€Å"test scores rose in districts in California that kept bilingual education, as well as in districts that never had bilingual education† (Hakuta). In addition, â€Å" Scores increase about 1.5 to 2 points per year after a new test is introduced. Thus, test score inflation accounts for about half of the increase in grades two and three in the SAT9 reading test since 1998, and all of the inc rease in grades four through seven SAT9 reading scores in California have actually declined slightly in grades eight through eleven†(Linn et. al). Research done by these bilingualists show that Proposition 227 has not increased the minority English language-learning students in California’s English skills. Critics of bilingual education believe that poorly trained teachers and complicated bilingual education structures cause more confusion than English-only programs. Susan Headden, writing in U.S. News World Report, comments, â€Å"Poorly trained teachers further complicate the picture. . . . The paucity of qualified candidates has forced desperate superintendents to waive some credentialing requirements and recruit instructors from abroad. The result is teachers who themselves struggle with English† Advocates cite that just because bilingual education needs improvement doesn’t mean it should be eliminated. Critics of bilingual education look at the success of Canada’s French immersion policy in schools. In kindergarten and first grade native-English speakers are taught entirely in French. Then gradually, English is introduced and by the end of elementary school, most students become fluent in French and English. However, more impressive is the bilingual education of European countries. Since there are eleven different official languages of the European Union, students are taught multiple languages .The study of first foreign language begins in first year of primary school, then an additional language is added in the second year of secondary school and the fourth year of secondary school. By the time students exit college with a Baccalaureate degree, they will know at least four languages. From, my research I was able to find proponents and critics of bilingual education. I noticed that there were many more proponents of bilingual education, among them are Kenji Hakuta of Stanfor d University, Colin Baker of the University of Wales, Stephen Krashen of the University of Southern California, Wayne P. Thomas and Virginia Collier at George Mason University, and Jim Cummins of the University of Toronto. Critics of bilingual education include politicians, George Bush, Susan Headden, and Rosalie Pedalino Porter. Perhaps we should be looking to other nations to solve our educational issues, as neither English-only nor bilingual education seems to work. References *Based on an Analysis by National Association of Bilingual Education. (2002, Winter). History of Bilingual Education. Rethinking Schools. Retrieved May 10, 2007, from http://www.rethinkingschools.org/special_reports/bilingual/langhst.shtml * Greene, J. (1997). A meta-analysis of the Rossell and Baker review of bilingual education research. Bilingual Research Journal , 21(3), 103-122. *Hakuta, K. (2000). Points on SAT-9 Performance and Proposition 227. Lecture presented at Stanford University , Cubberley Hall 228, 485 Lasuen Mall Stanford, California. *Headden, S. (1995, September 25). One Nation, One Language? U.S. News World Report, 38+. Retrieved May 10, 2007, from http://faculty.ed.umuc.edu/~jmatthew/articles/onenation.html *Krasen, S. (1996). Under Attack: The Case Against Bilingual Education. Culver City, CA: Language Education Associates. *Linn, R., Graue, E., Sanders, N. (1990). Comparing state and district test results to national norms: The validity of claims that ‘everyone is above average. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice , (9), 5-13. *Mora, J. K. (n.d.). What Do the SAT-9 Scores for Language Minority Students Really Mean? Retrieved May 10, 2007, from San Diego State University Web site: http://coe.sdsu.edu/people/jmora/SAT9analysis.htm *Porter, R. P. (1999, December). The Benefits of English Immersion. Educational Leadership, 1(57), 52-56.

Comparative Coverage of Women Issues in Elite Press

Comparative Coverage of Women Issues in Elite Press Comparative Coverage of women Issues in Elite Press of Pakistan, India Bangladesh Key Words: Mass Media, Print Media, portrayal, Women, Issues, treatment, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Elite Press, Visual, Textual, Analysis Introduction We are living in the twenty-first century and it is a heart-throbbing fact that still most of the sections of our society do not realize the importance of women in the socio-economic fabric. It would be deplorable if the status and the role of women were not appropriately perceived, since women are a part of society and share work and responsibility. Therefore, it is indispensable to upgrade the depiction of women and to strengthen the informational role of the media. Butt Mourion (1996) says that media are one of the modern ways to maintain and promote ideology and to relate it to the national needs, but also adds that to do this promotion, a grand number of projects and actions are required constantly by the state and the people as well. Media is playing vital role in dissemination of information, shaping and reshaping the perception and public views. The mass media have an essential role reporting wrong doing following up remedial action, mobilizing public opinion, brining about social change and highlighting positive developments. In fact, media and women issues coverage important topic in every era. The study is focused to analyze the visual and textual presentation of the women related news regarding social, economical and political issues in the elite press of major countries of South Asia which includes Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. The study is important because before partition of the subcontinent these three countries enjoyed the status of united India. So these countries are having similar roots sharing common norms, values and society. In this study researcher is going to analyze the women issues in major newspapers of Pakistan, India and Bangladesh which include topics of news stories, tone of covered news, location of news stories in newspaper and amount of space is given to news. Through these aspects researcher will analyze whether the print media portrayal women image positive, negative or neutrally Media The life styles, socialization patterns, participation levels, cultural boundaries, political maneuverings, religious manifestations, educational standards, social hierarchy, and images of society these all sectors that influence by the media content (Sharma, 2005). The media is a vehicle used to inform as well as entertain the public. The media is a carrier of information, ideas, thoughts and opinions. It is a powerful force in influencing people perceptions on a variety of issues. Print media is oldest medium that educate, inform and entertain the people. In modern society is mass media responsible for construction and consumption of social knowledge and their meanings that use people make a sense abut world and act as social reality accordingly. Print media plays an important role in influencing public opinions and setting agenda for what is constructed as news. The print media which include newspapers, periodicals, newsletters and other channels are relied upon by the people as c redible source of information, education and entertainment. The print media are known for fearless criticism and service. The print media or newspaper is consists of current affairs news, articles, features, advertising. Newspaper normally publishes stories on local, national and international politics issues, entertainment, society, business, technology, education, agriculture, sports etc. Also editorials, columns and letter to editors on current issues publish in newspaper on particular pages. Print media started in these three countries with the Independence Day but some news papers were running before the partition such as Dawn, Nawa I Waqt and Jang (Pakistan) The Hindustan Times, The Times of India and Dainik Jagran (India) and The Daily Star. Women Women are an integral part of our society, and cannot be ignored due to less power and authority. They are created using the need for men and men, presenting them with a companion in the course of life. Although women are significantly in all areas of life, the long list of people in the treatment seems to be never ending. There is no denying the fact that in todays society, where women are still mostly male, is dominated by pine from the inferior place to put side-by-side with men because of social and stick are typically held social values. In fact, womens position in any of the countries varies according to the categories, regions, and rural and urban distribution unequal socio-economic development and the impact of tribal, feudal, and capitalist social formations on womens lives. Today Pakistani women have a better position than most of other Muslim women. However, on an average, the womens situation vis-Ã  -vis men are one of systemicgender subordination. However, awareness among Pakistani women to expand the educational opportunities increased from past few years. According to the United Nations development index, Pakistani women are better in gender equality, as women in India and Bangladesh. However women condition in India is worst as compared to other development countries majority of Indian population consist of female. Today average female life expectancy today in India in contrast to many others countries is below the standard line (Nautiyal Dabral, 2012). Majority of women deprived the basic facility of life such as food, health and education in India and also socially women life in India very terrible. Indian society gives the more dominancy and importance to male in any walk of life as well as male social development. The status of women in Bangladesh is defined as an ongoing gender battle, the prevailing political tide, who favors restricting the rights of women in the Islamic patriarchal patterns, and activism. The Bangladesh socio-cultural environment provides comprehensive gender inequity so that girls and women face many obstacles in their development. The girls are often considered the financial burden on the family, and since birth, they receive less investment in health, health care and education (UNICEF, 2007). In Bangladesh, women have made huge gains since the country gained independence in 1971. In the past four decades have seen increased political influence for women, better employment prospects, improving training and new laws protect their rights. Many of the women working in the States and other key positions but in issues like family violence, acid burning and rape are still persist. Media and Women The media portrayal both positive as well as negative issues of women as well as a powerful mechanism. Although the media has played an important role in highlighting womens issues, it has also had negative impact, in terms of perpetrating violence against women through pornography and images of women as a female body that can be bought and sold. (Sharma, 2005) the trend is increasing in media to represent women as victims are more alarming. Media reflects in its content the pattern of value in any society. According to (Sharma, 2005) for the purpose of promoting and disseminating information media play an important role and also it is main role in development of women in social and economic sectors. The way subjects dealing with women are treated indicated to a great extent the prevailing attitude of the society towards women. Everywhere the potential exists for the media to make a far greater contribution to the advancement of women. More women are involved in careers in the commun ications sector, but few have attained positions at the decision-making level or serve on governing boards and bodies that influence media policy. Womens appearance in sensational news stories such as glamour, sex, domestic violence and other forms of violence are still prominent (Nautiyal Dabral, 2012). Portrayal of women in the media is mostly unfair and imbalanced. They are under-represented which falsely implies that men are the cultural standard and women’s role in the social life is unimportant or negligible. Women are portrayed stereotypically that reflect and sustain socially endorsed views of gender. Their presentation in the media does not conform to their real role in the society. According to Patel (1995) the mainstream media like print more highlight the women physical body image side by side along stereotyped sexist images and the back page pin ups. She observed that one of the reasons for projection of patriarchal image of the society is disproportionate number of men in the key positions in media. As to the qualitative aspect of portrayal of women in the media that they are generally portrayed as unthinking, dependent and submissive beings with reproduction as their fundamental role. Women are either portrayed as ideal or deviant. Their real life feelings and b ehaviors are rarely depicted on screen. She is shown more in fantasy roles than her real life. Common woman in the society finds it hard to relate herself to the depiction of females in the media. The negative portrayal of women in the media not only does not correspond with the reality but also leads to promote unhealthy and harmful traits among the public. Statement of the Problem Press is prognostic the women in a totally immoral way according to society values in news. While these types of news became the sources of spreading obscenity, western style, trends and personalities are being highlighted quite indecently. The news about scandals, rapes, pregnancy, fashion shows, show-biz and private matters of wife and husband are being over played instead of the women development and social progress. The photographs related to these news are nude, and below the standards of morality. Newspapers are more focusing the sexual crimes are being highlighted in which women are badly humiliated. In fact, film stars and celebrities’ news are being accommodated as commodities. Hypothesis Whether or not Pakistani, Indian and Bangladesh press portray women as commodities? Whether or not Pakistani, Indian and Bangladesh press treating women issues in real sense and focusing social development? Whether or not Pakistani, Indian and Bangladesh press portray women issues as sensational news? Objectives of the Study The objectives of this research, which can be specified on the spot to find the answer the following questions as below: To analyze representation of women in selected newspaper of Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. To examine the quality of the women related news published in selected newspapers. To find out the selected issues related to women that are discussed subject matter or not. To understand whether or not women related news are treated as traditional approach in selected newspapers. To check the nature/style of news related to women issues in selected newspapers. To understand print media reporting patterns are favorable/ unfavorable towards women Printmediaportraystereotypicalimageof womeninnewsstories Nautiyal Dabral (2012) The journals are mostly qualified for modern society and could be said to be positively harmful to the development of women as conscious individuals aware of themselves and aware of the society around them. If a woman wins a beauty contest, magazines or newspapers in particular give much importance to the news and even take her photographs on cover page but, at the same time if a woman gets the Nobel Prize she gets limited coverage. Here the difference of judgment in womens issues is quite marked in our media. Similarly the daily newspapers rarely put womens news and their development. Rather they prefer reporting on rape, atrocities, crime, sexual harassment and abuse of women prominently in their columns. UNICEF, State of the World’s Children: The Double Dividend of Gender Equality, 2007 Mariam S. Pal (2000).Women in Pakistan: Country Briefing Paper. Asian Development Bank.ISBN971-561-297-0. Pakistan: Status of Women the Womens Movement. Womenshistory.about.com. 28 July 2001. Retrieved 2012-01-24. Women Education in Pakistan. Pakcitizen.com. 17 December 2011. Retrieved 2012-01-24. http://hdrstats.undp.org/images/explanations/pak.pdf Jump up^http://tribune.com.pk/story/521279/pakistan-better-than-india-on-undp-gender-inequality-index/